Ibn Firnas: Masomin Ƙirƙirar Jirgin Sama

DAGA KABIRU BASIRU FULATAN 

Abu al-Qasim Abbas ibn Firnas bn Wirdas al-Takurini (c. 809/810 – 887 AD ), wadda kuma aka fi sani da Abbas ibn Firnas, ya kasance masanin kimiyyar Ɗan Adam, kuma ɗan ƙabilar Berber a tsohuwar Daular Andalusiya.

Ya kasance mai ƙirƙira, masanin taurari, masanin kimiyyar lissafi, masanin magunguna, injiniyan lissafi, mawaƙin Andalusiya, kuma mawaƙin harshen larabci. A tarihi shi ne wanda ya taɓa gwada tashi sama.

A akwai Fargabar Rasa Rayuka Yayin da  Tankar Mai ta kama da wuta A Jos

An haifi Abbas ibn Firnas a garin Ronda da ke lardin Takurunna a zamanin Musulunci na (Golden Age) daga iyayen Berber kuma ya zauna a Cordoba. Wadda lokaci ne da Musulmi suka shahara a duk faɗin duniya, ciki har da masana falsafa, mawaƙa, masu fasaha, ƴan kasuwa, da masana.

Ya ba da gudunmowa ga tattalin arziki, kimiyya, da ci gaban fasaha. Abbas Ibn Firnas ya ba da gudunmowa sosai wajen bunƙasa fasaha da ƙirkire-ƙirkire. Waɗannan gudunmowa ne suka taimakawa daular Musulunci ta yi ƙarfi sosai.

Ƙarshen Zamanin Zinare na Musulunci ya zo ne a ƙarni na 13 , lokacin da Mongols suka yi barazana ga musulmi. Mongoliya ƙarƙashin jagorancin Genghis Khan sun kai hari kan musulmi a Bagadaza tare da ƙwace iko da su, tare da lalata ɗimbin nasarorin da musulunci ya samu.

Baghdad cibiya ce ta Ilmi da ilmantarwa ga musulmi, da kuma cibiyar kasuwanci mai cike da cunkoso. Wannan shi ne ake kira “Golden Age” wanda ya kare Go a 1258 CE.

Wataƙila ƴan’uwa Wright (Wright Brothers) su ne suka ƙirƙiro Jirgin Sama na farko mai motsi, amma injiniyan ƙarni na 9 Abbas Ibn Firnas ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mutum na farko da ya fara tashi da taimakon fuka-fuki guda biyu da siliki.

Ibn Firnas ya ba da gudunmowa daban-daban a fannin ilmin taurari da injiniyanci. Ya ƙera wata na’urar Hangen nesa wadda ke nuna yadda taurari suke motsawa a sararin samaniya. Bugu da ƙari, ibn Firnas ya fito da wata hanya ta ƙera gilashi (tabarau) don amfanin masu karatu wadda aka fi sani da “Reading Stones.”

Ibn Firnas, lokacin ya na ɗan shekaru Sittin da Biyar (65yrs), shi ne mutum na farko wadda ya fara tashi sama a duniya.

Ibn Firnas, ya kalli yadda tsuntsaye ke tashi sama kuma ya yi amfani da basirar sa wajen haɗa ma kan shi fiffike domin shi ma ya dinga tashi sama.

Bayan Ibn Firnas, ya haɗa ma kansa fukafukai, ya je ya hau wani tsauni a ƙasar Yemen wadda ake kira da “Jabal Al-arum mountain,” daga nan ne ya yi tsalle ya fara yawo a sama. Ibn Firnan, ya yi ta shawagi a sararin samaniya har na tsawon minti goma, amma sai dai kuma bayan ya gama yawon shi a sama sai ya rasa yadda zai yi ya sauka, wadda hakan tasa ya faɗo daga sama kuma ya ji rauni mai tsanani.

Bayan shekara biyar Ibn Firnas, ya ƙara faɗaɗa binciken sa kuma ya gano cewa, Tsuntsu ba ya iya saukowa daga sama sai da taimakon jelarsa, da kuma fukafukai, to don haka shi ma sai ya haɗa bindi domin ya sauka lafiya.

Turawa sun yi ma Ibn Firnas, laƙabi da (Father of Aviaton and Aviation Engineering), saboda shi ne ya fara ƙirƙirar yadda Ɗan adam zai tashi sama kuma shi ne ya fara haɗa abin da Ɗan adam zai yi amfani wajen tashi saman.

Tabbas duniya tasan shahara wajen fikirarsa ta fara kirkirar abunda zai tashi sama (flying machine) wadda yau ya yi sanadiyyar ƙirƙirar jirgin sama.

A cikin 1973, an kafa wani mutum-mutumi na Ibn Firnas na “sculptor Badri al-Samarrai” a filin jirgin sama na Baghdad a Iraƙi.

A cikin 1976, Ƙungiyar masu ilmin Taurari ta Duniya (IAU) ta amince da sanya wani rami a bisa Duniyar wata sunan shi Ibn Firnas.

Haka nan, a cikin 2011, ɗaya daga cikin gadoji da ke kan kogin Guadalquivir a Cordoba, Spain, an sanya mata suna Gadar Abbas Ibn Firnás. Wani kamfanin jirgin sama na Biritaniya, Firnas Airways, shi ma sunansa ne aka sanyawa kamfanin.